Latest Dynamics of Regional Conflict in the Middle East

Regional conflicts in the Middle East continue to experience complex dynamics, creating significant impacts on regional and global stability. One of the main focuses is tensions between Iran and Saudi Arabia, two rival regional powers. These tensions are often seen in the context of proxy wars, where both countries support various armed groups in countries such as Yemen and Syria. The Yemeni war, which began in 2015, is a clear example of how this rivalry functions. Saudi Arabia, as a supporter of the internationally recognized government, is fighting against the Iran-backed Houthis. This conflict has caused a severe humanitarian crisis, with millions of people losing their homes and access to basic needs. On the other hand, the conflict in Syria presents a more complicated struggle. Iran has served as a key supporter of the Bashar al-Assad regime, strengthening its position in the region and creating a strategic base to challenge US dominance and Saudi Arabian influence. This condition also attracted the attention of Russia, which wants a military presence in Syria to strengthen its geopolitical position. Prolonged conflicts in the region have also encouraged other countries to become involved in this dynamic. For example, Türkiye has carried out military interventions in various areas in Syria, with the aim of containing Kurdish influence which it considers a threat to its security. Türkiye’s presence adds complexity to the situation, creating new alliances and tensions among regional actors. Not to mention, there is the issue of Israel and Palestine which is always a source of tension. As Israel entered the phase of normalizing relations with several Arab countries through the Abraham Accords, concerns emerged among Palestinians about losing support from Arab countries and an uncertain future. Another aspect that is interrelated is the issue of energy and trade. Oil and gas production in this region is vital for the global economy, so that various political concessions often occur behind oil geopolitics. In this context, the conflicts in Iraq and Libya also cannot be ignored, where instability creates opportunities for extremist groups and affects global energy prices. As time goes by, shifting alliances and changes in the role of major powers, especially the United States and Russia, will continue to shape regional conflict dynamics in the Middle East. Foreign policy plans carried out by major countries also have far-reaching impacts, ranging from economic sanctions to military support, which increasingly complicates the path to peace. Facing these challenges, civil society in the Middle East often becomes victims. In many cases, injustices and human rights violations committed by various conflict actors receive international attention, although the global response is often slow and inadequate. This situation creates concerns about the potential for radicalization among the younger generation and the long-term impact on social and economic stability in the region. Various initiatives in diplomacy are certainly needed to reduce tensions and pursue a sustainable peaceful resolution. Each actor in this conflict has its own interests and agenda, so all parties must try to find a mutually beneficial solution for better regional stability. Effective diplomacy and international collaboration are key in facing this challenge, although the journey towards peace will always be characterized by uncertainty and changing dynamics.